- M. Serge PIERFEDERICI, Professeur au Green à Nancy, Rapporteur
- M. Bruno FRANCOIS, Professeur au L2EP à Lille, Rapporteur
- M. Hamid BEN AHMED, Maître de Conférences HDR au SATIE à Rennes, Examinateur
- M. Seddik BACHA, Professeur au G2ELab à Grenoble, Examinateur
- Mme Grace Gandanegara, Ingénieur de recherche Schneider Electrics, invitée
- Mme Delphine, RIU, Maître de Conférences au G2ELab à Grenoble, Directrice de thèse
- M. Xavier LE-PIVERT, Ingénieur de Recherche au CEA, Encadrant
Mots Clés : Réglage de la fréquence, Système de stockage, Réseau insulaire, Énergie renouvelable, Photovoltaic
Frequency of isolated microgrids is highly sensitive to active power variation of loads and productions because of the inertia equivalent of this grid is small (limited number of thermal generators). Furthermore, the increasing of renewable energy in this grid causes frequency more risky to be instable because of its intermittency of power. In this thesis, energy storage is the selected solution to maintain the frequency stability of isolated microgrids with high penetration rate of renewable energy. It will participate to the primary frequency control which is the first control that takes action to limit the frequency deviation after disturbance. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to design the appropriate size and strategy of energy storage in isolated microgrids with high penetration rate of photovoltaic. Proposed strategies will link to power variation of PV. Therefore, the different situations of photovoltaic power variations and their impacts on the system frequency had been firstly characterized and studied in order to specify the critical situation of frequency variation. Then, different strategies for energy storage and their sizes were defined from these two studies. The strategy limit dPpv diagram and filter strategy were proposed to define the participated power of energy storage in primary frequency control from the measured power variation of PV. Furthermore, controller H infinity which is robust control was also proposed. Finally, energy storage control system was validated by RTLAB (real time simulation) which enable us to simulate the hardware. The results show that energy storage by proposed strategies is able to stabilize frequency of the power system by limiting the frequency deviation to be within an acceptable range after occurrence of any disturbance. The proposed strategies can increase larger participated power of the energy storage with less frequently than the classic droop control.
Keywords : Frequency control, Energy storage, Isolated microgrids, Renewable energy, Photovoltaic
mise à jour le 12 février 2015